習題五解答 1.解:分類計算,并将有數字“1”的數枚舉出來. “1”出現在個位上的數有: 1,11,21,31,41,51,61,71,81,91, 101,111,121,131,141,151,161,171,181,191 共20個; “1”出現在十位上的數有: 10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19 110,111,112,113,114,115,116,117,118,119 共20個; “1”出現在百位上的數有: 100,101,102,103,104,105,106,107,108,109, 110,111,112,113,114,115,116,117,118,119, 120,121,122,123,124,125,126,127,128,129, 130,131,132,133,134,135,136,137,138,139, 140,141,142,143,144,145,146,147,148,149, 150,151,152,153,154,155,156,157,158,159, 160,161,162,163,164,165,166,167,168,169, 170,171,172,173,174,175,176,177,178,179, 180,181,182,183,184,185,186,187,188,189, 190,191,192,193,194,195,196,197,198,199 共100個; 數字“1”在1至200中出現的總次數是: 20+20+100=140(次). 2.解:采用枚舉法,并分類計算: “3”在個位上:3,13,23,33,43,53,63,73,83,93共10個; “3”在十位上:31,33,35,37,39共5個; 數字“3”在1至100的奇數中出現的總次數: 10+5=15(次). 3.解:枚舉法:12,17,22,27,32,37,42,47,52,57,62,67,72,77,82,87,92,97共18個. 4.解:分段統計,再總計. 頁數 鉛字個數 1~9共9頁 1×9=9(個)(每個頁碼用1個鉛字) 10~90共90頁 2×90=180(個)(每個頁碼用2個鉛字) 100~199共100頁 3×100=300(個)(每個頁碼用3個鉛字) 第200頁共1頁 3×1=3(個)(這頁用3個鉛字) 總數:9+180+300+3=492(個). 5.解:列表枚舉,分類統計: 10 1個 20 21 2個 30 31 32 3個 40 41 42 43 4個 50 51 52 53 54 5個 60 61 62 63 64 65 6個 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 7個 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 8個 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 9個 總數1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9=45(個). 6.解:枚舉法,再總計: 101,111,121,131,141,151,161,171,181,191共10個. |
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