習題五解答1.解:分類計算,并将有數字“1”的數枚舉出來.
“1”出現在個位上的數有:
1,11,21,31,41,51,61,71,81,91,
101,111,121,131,141,151,161,171,181,191
共20個;
“1”出現在十位上的數有:
10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19
110,111,112,113,114,115,116,117,118,119
共20個;
“1”出現在百位上的數有:
100,101,102,103,104,105,106,107,108,109,
110,111,112,113,114,115,116,117,118,119,
120,121,122,123,124,125,126,127,128,129,
130,131,132,133,134,135,136,137,138,139,
140,141,142,143,144,145,146,147,148,149,
150,151,152,153,154,155,156,157,158,159,
160,161,162,163,164,165,166,167,168,169,
170,171,172,173,174,175,176,177,178,179,
180,181,182,183,184,185,186,187,188,189,
190,191,192,193,194,195,196,197,198,199
共100個;
數字“1”在1至200中出現的總次數是:
20+20+100=140(次).
2.解:采用枚舉法,并分類計算:
“3”在個位上:3,13,23,33,43,53,63,73,83,93共10個;
“3”在十位上:31,33,35,37,39共5個;
數字“3”在1至100的奇數中出現的總次數:
10+5=15(次).
3.解:枚舉法:12,17,22,27,32,37,42,47,52,57,62,67,72,77,82,87,92,97共18個.
4.解:分段統計,再總計.
頁數 鉛字個數
1~9共9頁 1×9=9(個)(每個頁碼用1個鉛字)
10~90共90頁 2×90=180(個)(每個頁碼用2個鉛字)
100~199共100頁 3×100=300(個)(每個頁碼用3個鉛字)
第200頁共1頁 3×1=3(個)(這頁用3個鉛字)
總數:9+180+300+3=492(個).
5.解:列表枚舉,分類統計:
10 1個
20 21 2個
30 31 32 3個
40 41 42 43 4個
50 51 52 53 54 5個
60 61 62 63 64 65 6個
70 71 72 73 74 75 76 7個
80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 8個
90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 9個
總數1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9=45(個).
6.解:枚舉法,再總計:
101,111,121,131,141,151,161,171,181,191共10個.
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