{ 情态動詞 }
一、情态動詞的定義:情态動詞有詞義,但它不能單獨作謂語,它必須和其他動詞一起構成謂語。情态動詞沒有人稱和數的變化;它的後面必須跟動詞原形。
二、情态動詞的種類:
情态動詞 |
詞義 |
否定形式 |
詞義 |
can |
能夠,會 |
can’t |
不能,不會 |
could |
能夠,會 |
couldn’t |
不能,不會 |
may |
可以 |
/ |
/ |
must |
必須 |
mustn’t |
不允許,不能 |
shall |
将,要 |
/ |
/ |
should |
應該 |
shouldn’t |
不應該 |
need |
需要 |
needn’t |
不必 |
would |
将會,願 |
wouldn’t |
不會,不願 |
三、小學階段需要掌握的知識點:
1.can, could(過去式)
Can + 主語+ 動詞原形?
1) 表示能力。
Can you dance? 你會跳舞嗎?
Can you speak English? 你會講英語嗎?
Can隻有一般現在時和一般過去式;
2) 表示請求和允許。
--Can I go play? 我可以去玩嗎?
-- Yes, you can. / No, you can’t.
3) 表示客觀可能性(客觀原因形成的能力)。
There can be at least 50 people in this classroom.
4) 表示推測(驚訝、懷疑、不相信的态度),用于疑問句、否定句和感歎句中。
Can this be true?
How can this be true?
2.may, might
1) 表示請求和允許。might比may語氣更委婉,而不是過去式。否定回答時可用can’t 或mustn’t,表示“不可以,禁止”。
----Might/ May I smoke in this room? 我可以在這吸煙嗎?
---- No, you mustn’t. 不,不可以。
---- May/Might I take this book out of the room?
---- Yes, you can. (No, you can’t / mustn’t. )
用May I...?征徇對方許可時比較正式和客氣,而用Can I...?在口語中更常見。
2)用于祈使句,表示祝願。
May you succeed!
3) 表示推測、可能性(不用于疑問句)。
might不是過去式,它所表示的可能性比may小。
1.He may /might be very busy now.
2.Your mother may /might not know the truth.
3.must
Must + 主語+ 動詞原形?
1) 表示必須、必要。
You must come in time.
在回答引出的問句時,如果是否定的,不能用mustn’t(禁止,不準),而用needn’t, don’t have to(不必).
---- Must we hand in our exercise books today?
---- Yes, you must.
---- No, you don’t have to / you needn’t.
2) 表示推測、可能性(隻用于肯定的陳述句)
1.You’re Tom’s good friend, so you must know what he likes best.
2.Your mother must be waiting for you now.
4.should,shouldn’t表示勸告:
Should +主語+動詞原形?
1.He should get up early.
2. You should go to class right away.
5.Would 表示建議“你願意…嗎”
Would you like to go shopping with me?
-----Yes, I’d love to. /I’d love to. But I’m busy now.
專項練習
一、用适當的情态動詞填空。
1. Must Iborrow the book with my ID card? No, you ________.
2. ________ I use your car? Yes, you ________.
3. ________ I go home now? No, you _________ stay here.
4.My mother is ill. I _________stay at home and look after her.
5.________you like some tea?
6. You ________take more exercise.
7. The clock ________tell us the time.
二、單項選擇。
( )1.you like some milk ?
A .Would B.Could C .Can
( )2.We pick the flowerin the park.
A.can’t B.don't C.mustn’t
( )3.We should more trees, and we shouldn’t cut any trees.
A.plant B.planting C.plants
( )4.-May I have some coffee?
-
A.Yes,you have. B.Yes,you can. C.Yes,certainly.
( )5.-What can I do for you?
-
A.Yes,you can. B.No,I can do it. C.Yes.I’d like some oranges.
有話要說...